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Course Announcement

      ME925 Optical Methods of Measurement

Fall 2010


Owing to advances in optoelectronics and machine vision technology, various optical measurement techniques have been widely used in the field of experimental mechanics. In particular, full-field deformation measurement techniques, such as digital image correlation, computational moire, laser speckle interferometry and moire interferometry, have become popular in experimental solid mechanics to overcome limitations of traditional point-wise measurement techniques such as resistance strain gages. Furthermore, demands for novel full-field optical techniques are rapidly increasing in many areas due to recent emphasis on experimental validation of simulation-based design approaches.

The main goal of this course is to provide both in-depth understanding and hands-on experience on various optical measurement techniques in solid mechanics. The course begins with basic principles in optics and digital image processing. The course will then cover theories and applications of various optical techniques including digital image correlation, geometrical moire, holographic interferometry, speckle interferometry and moire interferometry. There will be laboratory assignments to facilitate hands-on experience.  

This course should be of interest to students who are interested in motion/deformation/strain/shape measurements, optics and machine vision, material characterization, engineering design, nondestructive testing, experimental solid mechanics, inverse problems, etc.

The classes are scheduled on Mon, Wed 4:10-5:00pm at 2245 Engineering Building. Please register early as seating is limited. For more information, please contact Soonsung Hong (shong@egr.msu.edu, 517- 884-1607).


Course Outline

1.                  Introduction

Perspective, Past, Trend, V&V, Road Map

2.                  Fundamentals of optics

Maxwell's Equations, Plane wave solution,

Polarization, Time-averaged energy flux

3.                  Reflection/Refraction

Refractive index, Snell's law, Fresnel equation

Retardation, Photoelasticity

4.                  Geometrical optics

Optical imaging, Lensmaker's equation,

Thin lens formula, Aberrations

5.                  Digital image processing

Image Acquisition, LUT operation, Window operation,

Fast Fourier transform, Convolution theorem,

6.                  Numerical analysis, Linear elasticity 

Numerical differentiation, Least square fitting,

Stress-strain relation, Elasticity solutions,  Crack tip fields

7.                  Digital image correlation

Continuum kinematics, Cross correlation function

8.                  3D DIC & Digital Volume Correlation

Optical projection, 3D imaging (confocal imaging, tomography)

9.                  Geometrical Moire

Fundamental Moire equation, Wave number, Reciprocal vector

10.              Computational Moire; Grid method

Fourier series expansion, Gradient measurement

11.              Shape measurement

Shadow Moire, Fringe projection moire

12.              Optical Interference

Superposition of plane waves, Young's fringes

Michelson interferometer, Newton's ring,

13.              Principles of Interferometry

Phase shifting techniques (3-step, 4-step, Carre)

14.              Scalar Diffraction theory 1

Kirchoff approximation, Frauhoffer diffraction

15.              Scalar Diffraction theory 2

Fresnel diffraction, Optical Fourier transform (grating, aperture)

16.              Image formation

Fresnel diffraction, Rayleigh criterion

17.              Holographic interferometry 1

Hologram, Sensitivity vector

18.              Holographic interferometry 2

Nondestructive evaluation, Vibration

19.              Moire interferometry 1

Diffraction gratings

20.              Moire interferometry 2

Applications, HRR field

21.              Laser Speckle phenomena

Speckle statistics, Speckle photography

22.              Speckle interferometry 1

Speckle correlation interferometry

23.              Speckle interferometry 2

Phase-shifting ESPI

24.              Shearing interferometry (slope measurement)

Transmission/reflection/diffraction/speckle, CGS, NDE

25.              Curvature measurements

Stoney formula, Laser scanning, Multi-beam,

Curvature interferometry

26.              Dopler Velocimetry

NDI, TDI, VISAR

27.              Hybrid methods

Noise reduction, Inverse  analysis

28.              Project/Presentation