Tamara Reid Bush, Ph. D.

• Seating Mechanics
• Medical Biomechanics
• Medical Device Development and Evaluation
• Sports Biomechanics
• Aging and Disabilities

Education

Consultant and Industry Work

• Abbott Labs
• Sage Medical
• Kraft Foods
• Sparrow Hospital Pediatric Rehabilitation
• State of Michigan Assistant District Attorney's Office: Health Care Fraud Division
• Steelcase
• Johnson Controls

Professional Society

Masters Students in Mechanical Engineering

Journal Publications

• S Leitkam², TR Bush¹, M Li. A methodology for quantifying seated lumbar curvature. ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering.  Vol. 33, 11, 2011, doi: 10.1115/1.4005400.
• LL Flynn, TR Bush¹, A Sikorskii, R Mukherjee, G Wyatt. Understanding the role of stimulation in reflexology: development and testing of a robotic device. European Journal of Cancer Care. 2011 Sep; 20(5): 686-96.
• A Anbazhagan Manorama², S Baek, J Vorro, A Sikorskii, TR Bush¹. Blood perfusion and transcutaneous oxygen level characterizations in human skin with changes in normal and shear loads- Implications for pressure ulcer formation. Clinical Biomechanics 25, 2010, 823-828.
• TR Bush¹, J Vorro, G Alderink, S Gorbis, M Li, S Leitkam². Relating a manual medicine diagnostic test of cervical motion function to three-dimensional kinematics. International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 13, 2010. pp 48-55 doi:10.1016/j.ijosm.2010.01.005.  
• Wyatt G¹, Sikorskii A, Bush TR, Mukherjee R. Team Science of Nursing, Engineering, Statistics and Practitioner in the Development of a Robotic Reflexology Device.  Journal of the Society of Integrative Oncology, Vol. 8 No 1, 2010 p 14-19.
• TR Bush¹ and RP Hubbard.  Biomechanical Evaluation of Four Office Chairs. Human Factors, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 629–642. DOI 10.1518/001872008X288321. August 2008.
• TR Bush¹,  J Vorro. Kinematic measures to objectify head and neck motions in palpatory diagnosis: a pilot study. Journal of American Osteopathic Association.  2008;108(2):55-62. Available at: http://www.jaoa.org/cgi/content/full/108/2/55. Accessed March 12, 2008.
• C Wilson² and TR Bush¹. Interface Forces on the Seat during a Cycling Activity. Clinical Biomechanics, 22, 2007. pp.1017-1023.
• TR Bush¹ and RP Hubbard. Support Force Measures of Mid-Sized Men in Seated Positions.  ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 129, Feb. 2007, pp.58-65.
• TR Bush¹ and P Gutowski.  An approach for Hip Joint Center Calculation for Use in Seated Postures. Journal of Biomechanics, volume 36, 2003, pp. 1739-1743.
• TR Bush and R Hubbard¹. Biomechanical Design and Evaluation of Truck Seats. Society of Automotive Engineering Truck and Bus Publication, Portland Oregon. December 2000. Paper No. 2000-01-3406.
• TR Bush¹, S Gregg,  Hubbard Measuring and Modeling Support Forces of People to Assist in the Development of the ASPECT Manikin Weighting. SAE (Society of Automotive Engineering) Publication: Paper No. 1999-01-0961. February 1999.
• R Hubbard¹, M Gedraitis, TR Bush. Simulation of Torso Posture and Motion in Seating. SAE (Society of Automotive Engineering).  Invited Paper. Paper No. 981304. April 1998.
• TR Bush, F Mills, J Vorro, R Hubbard¹, K Thakurta. The Use of Electromyography for Seat Assessment and Comfort Evaluation. SAE (Society of Automotive Engineering). Paper No. 950143. February 1995.

•   J Fair, L Bix, TR Bush. Biomechanical Analysis of Opening Glass Jars: Using Kinematics ISBN 978-1-84800-210-4

• Manorama A², Bush TR¹, Meyer R, Wiseman R. Using Magnetic Resonance Angiography to Determine Effects of External Forces on Blood Flow: Implications for Pressure Ulcers. Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society, Grand Rapids, MI. May 9-12 2012.
• Rutledge B², Bush TR¹, Vorro J, DeStefano L, Francisco T, Gorbis S. Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society, Grand Rapids, MI. May 9-12, 2012.
• Leitkam S², Bush TR¹, Li M. A Method for Relating Lumbar Spinal Movements to Motions of the Ribcage and Pelvis in Seated Postures. Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society, Grand Rapids, MI. May 9-12 2012.
• Bush TR¹, Mukherjee R, Sikorskii A, Wyatt G. Removing the human factor from clinical reflexology. The Annual Meeting for the American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), Long Beach, CA, August 10-13, 2011.
• Rutledge B², Friederichs K³, Bush TR, Feeny B¹. Complex Modal Analysis of Human Walking and Running. 16th US National Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (USNCTAM). Penn State University, State College, PA. June 27 - July 2, 2010.
• Leitkam S², Bush TR¹. Quantification of Dynamic Human Seated Spinal Curvatures. The Annual Meeting for the American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), Providence, RI August 18-21, 2010.
• Manorama AA², Bush TR¹, Baek S. Effects of normal and shear loads on blood perfusion and reactive hyperemia in the skin. The Annual American Society of Biomechanics (ASB) meeting, Providence, RI August 18-21, 2010.
• Rutledge B², Bush TR¹, Vorro J, DeStefano L, Francisco T, Gorbis S. Inter-Examiner Comparisons of a Human Cervical Diagnosis Technique. The Annual Meeting for the American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), Providence, RI August 18-21, 2010.
• Rutledge B², Vorro J, DeStefano L, Francisco T, Gorbis S, Bush TR¹. Objective Measures Relating Cervical Dysfunction to Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Effects. ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Naples, FL. June 16-19, 2010.
• Rutledge B², Vorro J, Gorbis S, Bush TR¹. Motion Effects of Manual Manipulation on Cervical Lateral Flexion. The Annual Meeting for the American Society of Biomechanics, Penn State University, State College, PA August 26-29, 2009.
• Leitkam S², Bush TR¹. A Method for Prediction of Seated Spinal Curvature. The Annual Meeting for the American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), Penn State University, State College, PA August 26-29, 2009.
• Rampurawala Z², Bush TR¹.  Preferred position and associated forces for lower back support in vehicle and office seating environments. The Fourth North American Congress on Biomechanics (NACOB), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI August 5-9, 2008.
• Manorama AA², Baek S, Bush TR¹.  Blood flow and oxygen level characterization of the forearm with changes in normal and shear load. The Fourth North American Congress on Biomechanics (NACOB), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI August 5-9, 2008.
• Fair JR², Bush TR, Bix L¹.  Biomechanical analysis of opening glass jars: Using kinematics to inform design. The Fourth North American Congress on Biomechanics (NACOB), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI August 5-9, 2008.
• Bush TR¹, Vorro J, Alderink G, Gorbis S, Leitkam². Use of a kinematic parameter for an evidence-based assessment of a manual medicine diagnostic technique. World Congress on Neck Pain. January 20 - 22, 2008 at the Hyatt Regency Century Plaza Los Angeles, California.
•  E Wandell², N Beechnau³, W Smits, S Baek, J Choi, M deZee, TR Bush¹, Computer model analysis of cervical lateral function for symmetric and asymmetric/symptomatic subject groups.  World Congress on Neck Pain. January 20 - 22, 2008 at The Hyatt Regency Century Plaza Los Angeles, California.
• J Vorro¹, TR Bush, W Johnston, S Arnsberger. Coupled Cervical Movement Behaviors During a Passive Gross Motion Diagnostic Test.  International Scientific Surgical Association: Interspine, September 2004.
• P Gutowski, TR Bush, R Hubbard¹, J Balzulat. Influence of Automotive Seat and Package Factors on Posture and Applicability to Design Models. Digital Human Modeling Conference, SAE (Society of Automotive Engineering) Publication. 2001. Paper No. 2001-01-2091.
• TR Bush, D Ekern, R Hubbard¹ Methodology for Posture Measurement in Automobile Seats:  Experimental Methods and Computer Simulations. Published through ISATA (International Symposium on Automotive Technology and Automation). Paper No. 98SAF036. June 1998.