CE421 - ENGINEERING HYDROLOGY

Fall 2006,  3 CREDITS

 

Course Objectives

  • Apply Darcy's law to analyze steady 1-D flows in confined and unconfined aquifers
  • Develop a head map based on scattered head data and use it to compute seepage flow and solute travel time
  • Apply the theory of well dynamics to predict drawdown in an infinite and homogeneous aquifer
  • Analyze pump test data to estimate aquifer properties
  • Develop and calibrate a computer model to simulate groundwater flow systems. 
  • Use a groundwater model to estimate the sustainable yield of a wellfield and delineate the wellhead protection areas
  • Use a groundwater model to predict contaminant transport in an aquifer and design a capture well system.
  • Use hydrograph analysis to determine the direct runoff hydrograph, volume of direct runoff, the unit hydrograph, and the infiltration process.
  • Develop a synthetic hydrograph using a unit hydrograph, rainfall information and the SCS method to account for infiltration losses.
  • Lay out and design the minor drainage system for a planned development.
  • Determine the size of detention pond required to control runoff from an urban development.
  • Write engineering analysis and design reports.

Instructor:

Prof. Shu-Guang Li (http://www.egr.msu.edu/~lishug), Ph.D., P.E., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, RCE- A133, emails (lishug@egr.msu.edu), and telephone (432-1929).

Class Time and Classroom :

Tuesdays/Thursdays 10:20 - 12:10 AM. Classroom: EB2243

Office Hours:

Tuesdays/Thursdays, 12:00 - 1:00 PM, other times by appointment

Text:

        Hydrology and Hydraulic Systems, 2nd Ed., 2001, Gupta, Waveland Press, ISBN 1-57766-030-7

Tentative Schedule and Topics

Lecture 

Date  

Lecture Topics 

Readings 

Homework 

Important Dates 

1

8/29

Overview; Hydrologic cycle and processes; Introduction to groundwater hydrology; Aquifer classification.

2.1;2.2;3.1-3.4;3.7

   

 

2

8/31

Aquifer properties, Storage and dynamic properties.

3.5-3.7; 

 

 

3

9/5

Theory of groundwater flow; Darcy's Law and applications

3.5-3.7

 

 

4

9/7

Hydrologic maps and flow net, graphical analysis of groundwater flow. 

4.1.1

 

 

5

9/12

Introduction to well hydraulics. Steady radial flows in confined and unconfined aquifers

4.2.2-4.2.3 

 

 

6

9/14

Well dynamics, Theis solution. Superposition. Wellfield.  

4.3, 4.3.1,4.4.2

 

 

7

9/19

Aquifer test analysis.

 

 

 

8

9/21

Quiz 1

 

 

 

9

9/26

Project 1 - Sustainable development and management of a wellfield in the presence of hydrologic, hydrogeologic, environmental, water quality, economic, and legal constraints. 

Lumped water balance modeling and applications; 

Handout

Project 1

 

10

9/27

Introduction to aquifer modeling.  A real-time, interactive groundwater modeling software system.

 Handout,  IGW quick tutorial

 

 

11

10/3

Hands-on tutorial: groundwater modeling and visualization

Groundwater visualization (see demonstration)

 

 

12

10/5

Modeling and visualizing complex groundwater systems.  Sources and sinks: Wells, recharge, streams, lakes, seeps, and drains. Calibration and sensitivity analysis.

Handout 

 

 

13

10/10

Modeling and visualizing contaminant transport modeling, Particle tracking. 

 Handout

 

 

14

10/12

Delineation of wellhead protection areas. Groundwater remediation modeling and visualization


 Handout

 

 

15

10/17

Quiz 2

 Handout

 

 

16

10/19

Introduction to surface water hydrology ; 

Project 2: Stormwater drainage system design  

7.11.1, 13.10-13.11

Project 1 due

Project 2 

  

17

10/24

Rainfall excess, infiltration, Horton model, infiltration index approach.

2.13.1-2.13.3, 2.16

 

 

18

10/26

The SCS method 

2.15

 

 

19

10/31

Stream flow estimation. Runoff and watershed hydrographs. Unit Hydrograph technique; 

7.1-7.9

 

 

20

11/2

Hydrograph synthesis. The lagging method, The S-Curve approach.

 7.10,7.12

 

 

21

11/7

Quiz 3

 

 

 

 

22

11/9

Synthetic hydrographs, empirical equation for predicting the time of concentration; Peak flow estimation, Rational method

 handout, 13.9-13.10

 

 

23

11/14

Stormwater sewer design.  Intensity-duration-frequency curves, Design flow. Design considerations.

13.1,13.2,13.8-13.10,13.13

 

 

24

11/15

 Application of the Rational Method. Design computations.

13.11

 

 

25

11/21

Storage routing, the PULS method. Reservoir sizing

12.1-12.3

 

 

 

11/23

Thanksgiving Holiday, University Closed

 

 

 

26

11/28

Design of stormwater detention pond. 

 Handout

 

 

27

11/30

Design of stormwater detention pond (continued). 

 Handout

 

 

28

12/5

Quiz 4

 

 

 

29

12/7

Review

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12/14

Thursday, 10:00-12:00 noon

 

 Project 2 due

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grading Policy

Grades will be given based upon performance in homework, 2 projects, 4 quizzes, and a final examiation as follows:

  1. Homework (20%): Weekly homework, due a week after it is handed out. No late homework is accepted.
  2. 2 projects and reports (30%): Team work (group of two or three)
  3. 4 quizzes (30%): open book and notes. No makeup quizzes
  4. Final exam (20%): Comprehensive, closed book/notes (two 8 by 11 review sheets allowed).

Prerequisites:

STT 351; CE321 or concurrently.

Relationship to ABET Program Outcomes:

a. Apply mathematics, science and engineering: On the design, homework, quizzes and exams students must demonstrate their ability 1) to analyze groundwater flow, contaminant transport, surface water runoff, and stream flow and 2) to design a stormwater drainage system with a detention pond, a well field, and a capture well system for removing contaminated water from an aquifer. This requires proficiency in mathematics (algebra, derivatives, integrals, partial derivatives), engineering fluid mechanics (conservation of mass, manning equation, description of fluid motion, Darcy-Weisbach equation, energy equation), and it requires proficiency in engineering hydrology which must be acquired during this course.

b. Design a system, component or process to meet needs: Students must design a stormwater drainage system, a detention pond, a wellfield, and a groundwater capture system. Students work in groups of two to complete the analyses and the designs. The wellfield is designed to meet the water supply demands of a major city. Students must determine the optimal pumping pattern and sustainable yield to satisfy conflicting constraints, including hydrologic, hydrogeologic, environmental, water quality, economic, and legal constraints. The stormwater drainage system and the detention pond are designed to meet the needs of a planned development. The stormwater design incorporates common engineering standards and realistic constraints (a 5-yr rainfall, concrete pipe, standard inlets, developed topography that is consistent with the natural topography, minimum cover, maximum overland flow distances, all site water must pass through the detention pond before discharge to the downstream creek, discharge to the creek is restricted to rate of the before development runoff from the site). Students must write two formal design reports that detail his or her analyses and designs; this is discussed in more detail below.

e. Identify, formulate and solve engineering problems: Students must demonstrate the ability to correctly formulate and solve hydrologic problems in their design computations and on homework, quizzes, and exams. The homework, projects, and design problems involve complex problem solving and formulation of an approach is an integral component of achieving a solution.

f. Understand professional and ethical responsibility: The engineer's responsibility to understand the correct use of computational procedures employed in design, to identify and document problems uncovered during the design phase, to document work carefully and communicate findings in a clear understandable manner are emphasized during classroom discussion. The importance of these issues to the client, as well as for self-protection is acknowledged. An example of a poorly designed stormwater system that failed during a major storm and the subsequent lawsuit are discussed to emphasize some of the issues of professional responsibility.

g. Communicate effectively: Students work in a group of two on two design projects and each student team must write two design reports. The reports must document their analyses and designs of the wellfield, contaminated groundwater extraction system, and the stormwater sewer-detention pond system. Students are given opportunity orally present the analysis and design and defend their conclusions for one of the projects in front of the instructor and their peer students. The audience critique the presentations and provide suggestions for improvement. Students are expected to incorporate these suggestions in the final reports.

k. Use technique, skills, and tools of modern engineering: Students must demonstrate their ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice on their designs and quizzes and exams. Students must be able to use hand calculators, spreadsheets, computer models to develop their designs and they must use spreadsheets, word processing software, and graphics and presentation programs to prepare their reports.

8e. Understand professional practice issues: Discussion of design problems covers 1) Interaction of the hydrologist with those responsible for the overall design and 2) the regulating/review agencies and with the public.