Input Data Line: OILPROP
Description: Defines oil viscosity at two temperatures.
Format: OILPROP T1 V1 T2 V2
Example: OILPROP 40 21.7 100 4.0
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| T1 | Lower oil temperature. | TEMP |
| V1 | Oil viscosity at temperature T1. | VISDYN |
| T2 | Higher oil temperature. | TEMP |
| V2 | Oil viscosity at temperature T2. | VISDYN |
Notes:
1) The relationship between oil viscosity and temperature can be defined on an OILFUNC, OILPROP, or OILTYPE input data line. Only one of these input data lines is allowed.
2) If an OILFUNC, OILPROP, or OILTYPE data line is not input, oil viscosity is assumed to be zero (i.e., an unlubricated cylinder).
3) Oil viscosity is defined at two temperatures on an OILPROP data line. The relationship between viscosity and temperature is assumed to follow the Reynolds' viscosity equation. = ke-at where: = dynamic viscosity
t = temperature
k,a = constants evaluated by the RING program.
Description: Defines the cross-sectional properties of an oil control ring.
Format: OILRING RTYPE OR1 OR2 OR3 OR4 OR5
Example: OILRING 2 4 4 0.5 0.5 0.5
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RTYPE | Code for oil ring type: | none |
| none | 2 - Two-piece oil control ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Three-piece oil control ring. | none |
| OR1 | Oil control ring dimension. | LENGTH |
| OR2 | Oil control ring dimension. | LENGTH |
| OR3 | Oil control ring dimension. | LENGTH |
| OR4 | Oil control ring dimension. | LENGTH |
| OR5 | Oil control ring dimension. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) Oil control ring dimensions are shown in the figures on the following page.
Cross-sectional properties of an oil control ring
Description: Defines an SAE grade of oil.
Format: OILTYPE KODE
Example: OILTYPE 6
| Variable | Description |
|---|---|
| KODE | Code specifying oil type: |
| Code | SAE Grade |
|---|---|
| 1 | 5W |
| 2 | 10W |
| 3 | 15W |
| 4 | 20W |
| 5 | 20W |
| 6 | 30W |
| 7 | 40 |
| 8 | 50 |
Notes:
1) The relationship between oil viscosity and temperature can be defined on an OILFUNC, OILPROP, or OILTYPE input data line. Only one of these input data lines is allowed.
2) If an OILFUNC, OILPROP, or OILTYPE data line is not input, oil viscosity is assumed to be zero (i.e., an unlubricated cylinder).
3) The dynamic viscosity (in cP) of the SAE Grades of oil noted above are given in the following table:
| SAE Grade | Viscosity Constants | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 25oC | 40oC | 100oC | |
| 5W | 41.45 | 21.66 | 4.06 |
| 10W | 76.21 | 37.06 | 5.63 |
| 15W | 89.66 | 41.56 | 6.07 |
| 20W | 229.47 | 98.73 | 10.50 |
| 20 | 113.52 | 51.83 | 6.98 |
| 30 | 229.47 | 98.73 | 10.50 |
| 40 | 321.65 | 133.12 | 13.50 |
| 50 | 574.46 | 222.52 | 17.99 |
4) The relationship between viscosity and temperature for the SAE Grades of oil is assumed to follow the Vogel viscosity equation:
= ae(b/t+c)
5) The constants in the Vogel viscosity equation were determined according to the viscosity values given in the table above. They are:
| SAE Grade | Vogel Constants | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| a | b | c | |
| 5W | 0.05567 | 900.0 | 110.8 |
| 10W | 0.04082 | 1066.0 | 116.5 |
| 15W | 0.06681 | 902.0 | 100.2 |
| 20W | 0.02370 | 1361.0 | 123.3 |
| 20 | 0.04987 | 1028.0 | 108.0 |
| 30 | 0.02370 | 1361.0 | 123.3 |
| 40 | 0.07227 | 1396.0 | 121.7 |
| 50 | 0.01963 | 1518.0 | 122.6 |
Description: Defines an orifice area in the oil ring groove if one exists.
Format: ORGORI A
Example: ORGORI 0.003
Variable Description Units
A Orifice area in oil ring groove. AREA
Notes:
1) If a ORGORI iput data line is not included in the input data file, the oil ring groove does not have a flow orifice.
2) The orifice discharge coefficient is 0.65 unless a DCOEFF input data line is included in the input data file.
3) Only one ORGORI input data line is allowed.
Orifice area in the oil ring groove
Description: Defines piston skirt ovality.
Format: OVALITY OV
Example: OVALITY 0.02
Variable Description Units
OV Piston skirt ovality (D1 - D2). LENGTH
Notes:
1) If this data line is not input, skirt ovality is set equal to zero.
2) Only one OVALITY input data line is allowed.
Piston skirt ovality
Description: Specifies the value of a parameter used in a CASE system program.
Format: PARAM PID VALUE
Example: PARAM 78 13.7
| Variable | Description |
|---|---|
| PID | Parameter identification number. |
| VALUE | Parameter value. |
Notes:
1) The PARAM input data line is a convenient way to specify program input variables, e.g., the number of elements in a ring finite element model.
2) Parameter identification numbers are associated with specific variables. These are defined in the program description sections of this user's manual.
3) Parameter identification numbers range between 1 and 100 (i.e., 1 PID 100).
| Code | Program | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | PISTON | Number of increments per crank angle degree for the PISTON program ( Default 5) |
| 2 | PISTON | Printout increment in degrees for the PISTON program ( Default 8) |
| 4 | TWIST | Number of nodes along the ring circumference. 1 < Code <180. (Fefault 36) |
| 5 | TWIST | Code to generate ring position files fro each pair of axial force and
twisting moment from the area matrices. (0---Do not generate) (1---generate) ( Default 0) |
| 6 | RING | Code to generate ring force and twisting moment file for twisted rings.
The file extension is InputFilename.FRC (0---Do not generate) (1---generate) ( Default 0) |
| 6 | TWIST | generated ring twist animation files using InputFilename.FRC generated
by the RING program. (0---Do not generate) (1---generate) ( Default 0) |
Description: Defines drop of piston skirt below bottom of cylinder.
Format: PDROP YDROP
Example: PDROP 0.75
Variable Description Units
YDROP Distance from bottom of cylinder to bottom of piston skirt at BDC. LENGTH
Notes:
1) If a PDROP data line is not included in the input data file, the piston skirt is assumed to be contained within the cylinder over the entire cycle.
Drop of piston skirt below bottom of cylinder
Description: Identifies the file containing axial face profile data for the piston skirt.
Format: PFILE1 FILE
Example: PFILE1 SKIRT.DAT
Variable Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains axial face profile data for the piston skirt.
Notes:
1) If a PFILE1 input data line is not included in the input data file, the axial face profile of the skirt is assumed to be straight and parallel to the piston axis.
2) Only one PFILE1 input data line is allowed.
3) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
Description: Identifies the file containing skirt flexibility for elastohydrodynamic analysis.
Format: PFILE2 FILE
Example: PFILE2 FLEX.DAT
Variable Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains skirt flexibility data.
Notes:
1) If a PFILE2 input data line is not included in the input data file, elastohydrodynamics will not be considered in the analysis, i.e., the piston skirt is assumed to be rigid.
2) Only one PFILE2 input data line is allowed.
3) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
Description: Identifies the file containing skirt distortions due to combustion gas pressure.
Format: PFILE3 FILE
Example: PFILE3 SPR.DAT
Variable Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains skirt distortions due to combustion gas pressure.
Notes:
1) If a PFILE3 input data line is not included in the input data file, skirt distortions due to combustion gas pressure will not be considered in the analysis.
2) Only one PFILE3 input data line is allowed.
3) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
Description: Identifies the file containing skirt distortions due to inertia loading.
Format: PFILE4 FILE
Example: PFILE4 DISI.DAT
Variable Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains skirt distortions due to piston inertia loads.
Notes:
1) If a PFILE4 input data line is not included in the input data file, skirt distortions due to piston inertia loads will not be considered in the analysis.
2) Only one PFILE4 input data line is allowed.
3) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
Description: Identifies the file containing skirt thermal distortions.
Format: PFILE5 FILE
Example: PFILE5 TEMP.DAT
Variable Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains skirt thermal distortions.
Notes:
1) If a PFILE5 input data line is not included in the input data file, skirt thermal distortions will not be considered in the analysis.
2) Only one PFILE5 input data line is allowed.
3) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
Description: Defines the piston pin diameter and location.
Format: PIN PIND XPIN YPIN
Example: PIN 0.5 -0.01 3.14
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| PIND | Pin diameter. | LENGTH |
| XPIN | X-coordinate of piston pin. | LENGTH |
| Y-PIN | Y-coordinate of piston pin. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) Only one PIN input data line is allowed.
2) For analyses that require the piston pin diameter to be defined, this data line is required.
Piston pin diameter and location
Description: Defines the piston geometry.
Format: PISTON PDIA PHT XCG YCG BTH CTH SIR SIRC
Example: PISTON 3.6 1.5 0.03 1.68 0.22 0.44 1.32 0.362
| Variable | Description | Units | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PDIA | Piston diameter. | LENGTH | |
| PHT | Piston height. | LENGTH | |
| XCG | X-coordinate of piston C.G. | LENGTH | |
| YCG | Y-coordinate of piston C.G. | LENGTH | |
| BTH | Thickness of pin boss. | LENGTH | |
| CTH | Thickness of crown. | LENGTH | |
| SIR | Skirt inside radius. | LENGTH | |
| SIRC | Skirt inside radius center. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) Only one PISTON input data line is allowed.
2) The skirt height (SHT) is defined on a SKIRT input data line.
Piston Geometry #1
Piston Geometry #2
Description: Creates plot output files.
Format: PLOTIT PLOT PLOT ..... PLOT (I) (1) (2) ...
Example: PLOTIT 3 2
Variable Description
PLOT Code specifying the plotted output. (I)
Notes:
1) A list of the plot codes is provided in the description section of each CASE system program. The plot codes are different for each program.
2) Only one PLOTIT input data line is allowed.
3) The CASE system analysis programs create the plot data files for the output specified above. The PLOTIT program must be used to obtain the plotted output.
Description: Specifies the piston material.
Format: PMATL PMID
Example: PMATL 1
Variable Description
PMID Piston material identification number.
Notes:
1) Material ID numbers between 1 and 50 are reserved for material properties stored in the material library.
2) Material ID numbers greater than 50 refer to material properties defined on MATL input data lines.
Description: Selects pressure specifications in absolute or gage.
Format: PRCODE KODE
Example: PRCODE 2
Variable Description
KODE Pressure specification code:
0 - Gage.
1 - Absolute.
Notes:
1) This input data line defines the format (gage or absolute) of input and output pressures.
2) If a PRCODE input data line is not included in the input data file, all input and output pressures are assumed to be gage pressures (KODE = 0).
3) Only one PRCODE input data line is allowed.
Description: Identifies the file containing combustion, groove and inter-ring gas pressure data.
Format: PRESURE FILE
Example: PRESURE GASIN.DAT
Variable Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains combustion, groove and inter-ring gas pressure data.
Notes:
1) Groove and inter-ring gas pressures are included in the analysis if either a GASPRES or a PRESURE input data line is input. If a GASPRES input data line is input, groove and inter-ring gas pressures are computed. If a PRESURE input data line is input, results from a previous analysis are used.
2) Only one PRESURE input data line is allowed.
Description: Selects printed output.
Format: PRINTIT PRCODE PRCODE ...... PRCODE (1) (2) .... (I)
Example: PRINTIT 2 1
Variable Description
PRCODE Code specifying the printed output. (I)
Notes:
1) A list of the printout codes is provided in the description section of each CASE system program. The printout codes are different for each program.
2) Only one PRINTIT input data line is allowed.
Description: Defines temperatures for groove and inter- ring gas pressure calculations.
Format: PTEMP TC TSUMP T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7
Example: PTEMP 670 200 520 400 30 0
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| TC | Mean combustion chamber temperature. | TEMP |
| TSUMP | Sump temperature. | TEMP |
| T1--T7 | Land and groove temperatures. (see figure below) | TEMP |
Notes:
1) This input data line is required only if groove and inter-ring gas pressures are to be calculated.
2) Only one PTEMP input data line is allowed.
3) If the ring pack consists of two compression rings and an oil control ring, T5=T6=0. All other temperatures must be specified. For one compression ring and an oil control ring,k T3=T4=T5=T6=0. All other temperatures must be specified.
Temperatures for groove and inter-ring gas pressure calculations
Description: Identifies the file containing tilt angle data.
Format: PTILT FILE
Example: PTILT DDE.TLT
Variable: Description
FILE Name of the data file that contains piston tilt angle data.
Notes:
1) If a PTILT input data line is not included in the input data file, piston tilt angles will not be considered in the analysis.
2) Only one PTILT input data line is allowed.
3) Piston tilt angles are specified at each crank angle over a four stroke cycle.
4) The data file identified on a PTILT input data line is usually generated by the CASE system program PISTON.
5) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
Description: Defines piston thermal loads for heat transfer analysis.
Format: PTLOAD T1 C1 T2 C2 T3 C3 T4 C4
Example: PTLOAD
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| T1 | Combustion gas temperature. | TEMP |
| C1 | Convection coefficient--crown. | CONVECT |
| T2 | Liner temperature--ring pack region. | TEMP |
| C2 | Convection coefficient--ring pack region. | CONVECT |
| T3 | Liner temperature--skirt region. | TEMP |
| C3 | Convection coefficient--skirt region. | CONVECT |
| T4 | Crank case gas temperature. | TEMP |
| C4 | Convection coefficient--inner piston. | CONVECT |
Piston thermal loads for heat transfer analysis
Description: Defines a barrel face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment (or land).
Format: RFACE1 RID RF RC OFFSET
Example: RFACE1 1 0.046 29 -0.05
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| RF | Effective height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| RC | Radius of curvature of barrel face. | LENGTH |
| OFFSET | Barrel face offset. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) The axial width of the ring (RT) is defined on an RSECT input data line.
2) Barrel face offset is positive downward.
Barrel face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Defines a parabolic face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment (or land).
Format: RFACE2 RID RF CROWN OFFSE
Example: RFACE2 1 0.046 0.001 0.0
Variable Description Units
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| RF | Effective height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| CROWN | Crown height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| OFFSET | Parabolic face offset. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) The axial width of the ring (RT) is defined on an RSECT input data line.
2) Parabolic face offset is positive downward.
Parabolic face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Defines a taper face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment (or land).
Format: RFACE3 RID RF X
Example: RFACE3 1 0.046 0.75
Variable Description Units
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| RF | Effective height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| X | Slope of taper face. | ANGLE |
Notes:
1) The axial width of the ring (RT) is defined on an RSECT input data line.
Taper face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Defines a composite face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment (or land).
Format: RFACE4 RID RF X1 X2 X3 X4
Example: RFACE4 1 0.046 0.0 0.0 0. 0. 03 0 0
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| RF | Effective height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| CROWN | Crown height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| X1, X2, X3, X4 | Ring face parameters (see figure below). | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) The axial width of the ring (RT) is defined on an RSECT input data line.
Composite face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Defines a composite face profile with parabolic edges for a compression ring or oil control ring segment (or land).
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| RF | Effective height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| XP | Extent of parabolic edge (See figure below). | LENGTH |
| CROWN | Crown height of ring face. | LENGTH |
Composite face profile with parabolic edges for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Defines a worn, taper face profile with parabolic edges for a compression ring or oil control ring segment (or land).
Format: RFACE6 RID RF X R
Example: RFACE6 1 0.046 0.75 0.03
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| RF | Effective height of ring face. | LENGTH |
| X | Slope of taper face. | ANGLE |
| R | Radius of worn edge. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) The axial width of the ring (RT) is defined on an RSECT input data line.
Worn, taper face profile for a compression ring or an oil control ring segment
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Identifies the file containing coordinate data for a general ring face profile.
Format: RFACE7 RID FILE
Example: RFACE7 1 FACE.SHP
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 5): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| none | 4 - Top segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| none | 5 - Bottom segment (or land) of oil control ring. | none |
| FILE | Name of the data file that contains general ring face profile data. | none |
Notes:
1) The axial width (RT) of a compression ring is defined on an RSECT input data line. The axial width (OR3) of an oil control ring land or segment is defined on an OILRING input data line.
2) The format for data contained in this file is described in Appendix E of this user's manual.
File containing coordinate data for a general ring face profile
Click here to go to RING FACE PROFILE
Description: Defines ring gap locations.
Format: RGAPLOC LOC1 LOC2 LOC3 LOC4 LOC5
Example: RGAPLOC 0 0 130
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| LOC1 | Gap location--top compression ring. | ANGLE |
| LOC2 | Gap location--second compression ring. | ANGLE |
| LOC3 | Gap location--third compression ring. | ANGLE |
| LOC4 | Gap location--two-piece oil control ring (top segment of three-piece oil control ring). | ANGLE |
| LOC5 | Gap location--bottom segment of three-piece oil control ring. | ANGLE |
Notes:
1) If a RGAPLOC input data line is not included in the input data file, all ring gap locations are set equal to zero.
2) Only one RGAPLOC input data line is allowed.
Ring gap locations
Description: Defines an internal bevel or an internal step for a compression ring.
Format: RINGMOD RID LOC A ANG1 B ANG2 R
Example: RINGMOD 1 1 0.103 45
| Variable | Description | Units |
|---|---|---|
| RID | Ring identification number (1 RID 3): | none |
| none | 1 - Top compression ring. | none |
| none | 2 - Second compression ring. | none |
| none | 3 - Third compression ring. | none |
| LOC | Location code: | none |
| none | 1 - Top side. | none |
| none | 2 - Bottom side. | none |
| A | Bevel or internal step dimension. | LENGTH |
| ANG1 | Bevel or internal step angle. | LENGTH |
| B | Internal step dimension. | LENGTH |
| ANG2 | Internal step angle. | LENGTH |
| R | Fillet radius for internal step. | LENGTH |
Notes:
1) The axial width of the ring (RT) and the ring radial wall (RW) are defined on a RSECT input data line.
2) The last three entries (B, ANG2, and R) are not required for an internal bevel as shown on the following page.
Internal Bevel or step for a compression ring #1
Internal Bevel or step for a compression ring #2
